World War 2, also known as the Second World War, was a war fought from 1939 to 1945 in Europe and, during much of the 1930s and 1940s, in Asia.
The war in Europe began in earnest on September 1, 1939 with the invasion of Poland by Nazi Germany, and concluded on September 2, 1945, with the official surrender of the last Axis nation, Japan. However, in Asia the war began earlier with Japanese interventions in China, and in Europe, the war ended earlier with the unconditional surrender of Germany on May 8, 1945.
The conflict spilled over into Africa, included a handful of incidents in the Americas, and a series of major naval battles.
It was the largest armed conflict in history, spanning the entire world and involving more countries than any other war, as well as introducing powerful new weapons, culminating in the first use of nuclear weapons.
However, despite the name, not all countries of the world were involved; some through neutrality (such as the Eire - though Eire supplied some important secret information to the Allies; D-Day's date was decided on the basis of incoming Atlantic weather information supplied from Ireland - Sweden, and Switzerland), others through strategic insignificance (Mexico).
The war ravaged civilians more severely than any previous conflict and served as a backdrop for genocidal killings by Nazi Germany as well as several other mass slaughters of civilians which, although not technically genocide, were significant.
These included the massacre of millions of Chinese and Korean nationals by Japan, internal mass killings in the Soviet Union, and the bombing of civilian targets in German and Japanese cities by the Allies. In total, World War II produced about 50 million deaths, more than any other war to date.
Please note that these figues are approximate. Individual sources of statistics sometimes vary.
Country
Military
Civilian
Total
USSR
12 million
17 million
29 million
Poland
597,000
5.86 million
6.27 million
Germany
3.25 million
2.44 million
5.69 million
Yugoslavia
305,000
1.35 million
1.66 million
Romania
450,000
465,000
915,000
Hungary
200,000
600,000
800,000
France
245,000
350,000
595,000
Italy
380,000
153,000
533,000
Great Britain
403,000
92,700
495,000
United States
407,000
6,000
413,000
Czechoslovakia
7,000
315,000
322,000
Holland
13,700
236,000
249,000
Greece
19,000
140,000
159,000
Belgium
76,000
23,000
99,000
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